Hi everyone,

I am looking for guidance (and peer-reviewed studies, if possible) regarding contamination of tools and equipment at a fire scene. Say a tool such as a shovel was pushed into a pile of debris that was heavily contaminated with an ignitable liquid. Obviously, the tools needs to be cleaned before it can be used again. But how many times must it be washed, and with what type of detergent or other agent, in order to be "clean"?

Just trying to find out what evidence and studies are actually out there regarding this topic. I have found a lot of personal advice but no factual evidence as to the effectiveness of various cleaning methods.

Thanks for any replies.